Eosinophilic esophagitis is a condition characterized by an immune-mediated inflammatory response in the esophagus, leading to the infiltration of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in the esophageal tissue. This chronic disease can cause symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and food impaction. Eosinophilic esophagitis is often associated with allergies or immune dysregulation, and diagnosis is typically confirmed through endoscopic evaluation and biopsy. Treatment may involve dietary modification, medications, and in some cases, esophageal dilation or surgery.